IntroductionDry eye disease (DED) is a common disease of the ocular surface that can significantly impact patient-related quality of life. TBUT, the time that elapses between a complete blink and the appearance of the first break in the tear film, assesses tear film evaporation rates.81 During a TBUT assessment, instilling sodium fluorescein stain can help the tear film be more visible. These agents have mucoadhesive and mucomimetic properties and play a protective role on the ocular surface. The indications for punctal plugs have expanded, now including numerous ocular surface diseases. Additionally, the education of ophthalmologists and general healthcare providers on ocular surface diseases remains a challenge in many regions in MENA.
