How an Ancient Greek Mathematician Calculated the Earth's Circumference with a Stick and His Brain. While in the mid-20th century, satellites were used to determine the exact circumference of the Earth, which was found to be 40,030 km. Over 2,000 years earlier in ancient Greece, Eratosthenes used a stick and his brain to arrive at nearly the exact figure. He later moved to Alexandria, where he served as the chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria, one of the ancient world's most important learning centres. Eratosthenes' calculation of the Earth's circumference was an impressive feat of ancient science and mathematics, and it laid the foundation for many subsequent discoveries and innovations in these fields.

Libya is participating with a delegation of business leaders in the tenth edition of the Arab Chinese Businessmen’s Conference and the eighth edition of the Investments Symposium. The event will be held from 22 to 24 May in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The Libyan business delegation consists of business leaders who have previously cooperated with Chinese companies or who wish to establish new partnerships by getting to know Chinese business leaders and their companies participating in the conference. Many businesses have commercial dealings with Chinese counterpartsCommenting on the Libyan participation, President of the General Union of Chambers of Commerce, Industry and Agriculture, Mohamed Al-Raied, confirmed to Libya Herald that there are many business leaders in Libya that have commercial dealings with Chinese companies or represent Chinese brands in Libya. There are also several Chinese companies that worked in the field of infrastructure, housing, the railway project, and several development projects during the past decades, which the Libyan state seeks to restart.

Khartoum: The United Nations has warned of a humanitarian crisis in Sudan as fighting continued on Monday between rival military factions despite a supposed ceasefire. Hundreds of people have been killed and thousands wounded over 16 days of battles since disputes between the Sudanese army and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) erupted into conflict on April 15. A house in the Sudanese capital of Khartoum after it was hit during what now appears to be developing into a civil war. Credit: APThere seems little prospect of a quick resolution to the crisis, which has unleashed a humanitarian disaster, damaged swathes of the capital Khartoum, risked drawing in regional powers and reignited a conflict in the Darfur region. Both sides agreed on Sunday to extend a much-violated truce by 72 hours and the United Nations said it hoped to hold truce talks in Saudi Arabia, but air strikes and artillery rang out on Monday as smoke hung over Khartoum and neighbouring cities.

The Italian Coast Guard denied on Sunday having asked a merchant ship, which rescued 30 migrants, to bring them back to the North African country, according to news platform Swissinfo. The Italian Coast Guard said “it has not given instructions, or rather orders, to the command of the ship GRIMSTAD to head, after having carried out the rescue of the migrants, towards the Libyan coast”. Thus, the Italian Coast Guard said the merchant ship GRIMSTAD, with the Bahamas flag, handed the migrants over to the Libyan authorities in waters off the port city of Zueitina. Sea Watch made its accusation against Rome after assisting in the interception at sea from their Seabird surveillance aircraft, with which they operate in the central Mediterranean. To this, the command of the GRIMSTAD responded that they had instructions from the Operational Center of the Italian Coast Guard, although part of the recording is unintelligible.

The Observer, on April 30, reported that exports from Libya’s Sarir refinery were crossing the border to Sudan. General Khalifa Haftar is sending fuel to the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which launched a civil war in mid-April against the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF). The newspaper reported that fuel, in addition to ammunition, weapons and medicine, were flowing over the border to the RSF. Sarir suppliesThe newspaper cited “former senior Libyan officials” as revealing the fuel supplies from the Sarir refinery. Libya’s National Oil Corp. (NOC) has denied the allegations that the Sarir facility is providing fuel for Sudan’s RSF.

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Libya’s Speaker of House of Representatives, Aguila Saleh, and chairman of the High Council of State, Khaled Al-Mishri, are working on new deal for sovereign positions, said member of parliament Rabeea Bouras. Bouras told local press today that “sovereign positions play a major role in the presidential elections because the oversight bodies have large issues to oversee that could affect the political course”. She also explained that the leaders of the two chambers have been frequently meeting in Cairo because “Egypt has always been able to manage the dispute between [both] chambers”.

Yesterday, Saudi Arabia confirmed its support for a Libyan-Libyan solution under the auspices of the United Nations, and stressed the need to stop foreign interference in Libyan affairs, according to what came during a meeting between Prince Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah, the Saudi Minister of Foreign Affairs, with Abdullah Batili, Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations to the United Nations. Libya and the head of the UN mission there. At the headquarters of the Saudi Foreign Ministry in Riyadh, Prince Faisal discussed with Batelli ways to advance the political process in Libya, and the international efforts exerted to resolve the crisis. In addition, the Libyan “Presidential Council” announced its support for the youth movement in the city of Zawiya in the face of “arms bearers” and the arrest of outlaws, while Tripoli witnessed a sudden security tension.

Libyan dates, represented by Al-Hajj Al-Senussi Group for the Production of Dates, won several top prizes at the Cairo International Dates Festival in early March. Some Libyan varieties only grow in LibyaAhmed said there was great demand for Libyan dates within the Cairo Fair, due to the high quality, natural ripeness and cleanliness of Libyan dates. Libyan dates have won several international prizesAhmed added that their group has participated in many exhibitions specialized in dates around the world, including Malaysia, Turkey, Indonesia, the UAE, Oman, Egypt and Saudi Arabia. He said in all of these Libyan dates achieved advanced ranks and won valuable prizes because Libyan dates are a strong and well-deserved competitor to any other dates around the world. This is especially with regard to providing fertilizers and agricultural equipment suitable for caring for date trees.

Member of the Libyan Political Dialogue Forum (LPDF), Zahra’ Langhi, has called for the launch of the High-level Panel for enabling elections, proposed by UN envoy Abdoulaye Bathily. She pointed out that detainees held by both sides must be released and the agreement to form a joint military force must be translated into a specific timetable to achieve the desired results. “We must also focus on activating the political track as soon as possible,” according to LPDF member. “Wasting time and opportunities that may lead to a relapse of violence must be avoided, Langhi stressed. “It is necessary for the political track to lead the military and economic tracks,” she said.

The conflict in Sudan could deteriorate into one of the worst civil wars in the world if not stopped early, the North African nation's former Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok said. "God forbid if Sudan is to reach a point of civil war," he said in a conversation with philanthropist Mo Ibrahim Saturday at an event in Nairobi. The conflicts in Syria, Yemen, Libya would seem small by comparison, Hamdok said.Sudan is a huge, diverse country with various ethnic and religious groups, and a full-scale war "would be a nightmare for the world," he said. Hamdok spoke as fighting in the Sudanese capital, Khartoum, continued despite cease-fire pledges from both the army led by Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and the rival Rapid Support Forces paramilitary group, under Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo. The ex-prime minister has largely kept a low profile since he quit in January 2022.

Ahead of the talks, a small group of women staged a protest in Kabul on Saturday to oppose any international recognition of the Taliban government. "Any kind of recognition of the Taliban is completely off the table," said U.S. State Department spokesman Vedant Patel. The Afghan foreign ministry rejected the call and said the ban "is an internal social matter of Afghanistan". Richard Gowan, U.N. expert for the International Crisis Group, an independent NGO, said the U.N. is "in a trap over Afghanistan". U.S. Afghanistan envoy Thomas West has been traveling across West Asia in recent weeks meeting different governments and groups.

CAIRO – 30 APRIL 2023: President Abdel Fattah El Sisi invited the government of Japan to encourage Japanese companies to inject more investments into Egypt. The President’s invitation came during a joint press conference with the Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida in Cairo on Sunday. The tour comes ahead of the G7 Hiroshima Summit that will be hosted in the Japanese city next month, under the chairmanship of Japan, President Sisi said during his welcoming speech at the conference. “We look forward for His Excellency, the Prime Minister of Japan, to be with us at its inauguration. We hope a settlement will be reached through exploring ways to mitigate the exceptional challenges facing a number of developing countries,” President Sisi continued.

Three leaders of the most influential armed groups in western Libya are set depart Tripoli and head for Cairo, where they are scheduled to meet the Speaker of the House of Representatives Aguila Saleh on Tuesday, according to sources. Ghinwa al-Kikli, head of the Stability Support Apparatus, Abdullah al-Trabelsi, the commander of the General Security Agency, and Abdul Hakim al-Sheikh, the commander of the 42nd Battalion of the Deterrence Force, have boarded the business class on Burniq Airlines, flight no. Sources say the three intend to discuss with Saleh forming a new government that will oversee the upcoming elections.

KHARTOUM: Heavy fighting again rocked Sudan’s capital Sunday as tens of thousands have fled the bloody turmoil and a former prime minister warned of the “nightmare” risk of a descent into full-scale civil war. “God forbid if Sudan is to reach a point of civil war proper… Syria, Yemen, Libya will be a small play,” Hamdok told an event in Nairobi. The fighting has affected 12 out of 18 states across Sudan, including the Darfur region, the ministry said. Burhan again branded the RSF a militia that aims “to destroy Sudan” while Daglo called the army chief “a traitor”. Bashir was charged with war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide by the International Criminal Court (ICC).