For the HPMSM project, Jupiter is considering a plant in North America with a proposed capacity of between 80 000 t/y and 120 000 t/y, balancing operational as well as demand and supply risk and production efficiency. The scoping study outlines an initial capacity of 50 000 t/y for the first three years, increasing to 100 000 t/y from 2030. The capital cost for the 100 000 t/y plant is estimated at $430-million, in line with other advanced projects in the sector. As such, the company believes it is favourably positioned as a credible and low-risk counterparty for major offtake partners in the HPMSM project. As the EV battery industry developed, Jupiter said, alternative locations may be considered if deemed more attractive from a business case perspective.