They found that people from richer countries pay considerably less for a visa than those from poorer ones (see charts). North Africans pay more than twice as much for a tourist visa than North Americans. And when the cost of an average tourist visa was compared to average national income, the disparity between rich and poor countries became even starker. Waivers allowing citizens to travel visa-free are also granted to rich countries more often than to poor ones. In fact, controlling for these factors, travelling for work from Africa looked relatively cheap compared with costs for travellers from poor countries in other continents.

Source: The North Africa Journal June 29, 2020 17:15 UTC