The European Union’s Strategy on Iran’s Nuclear ProgramAs of 2003, the European Union played a key role in negotiations concerning Iran’s nuclear program, focusing on political dialogue and diplomatic engagement to the challenges posed by Iran’s nuclear activities. The European Security Strategy (2003), formulated in response to the U.S. National Security Strategy (2002), emphasizes the EU’s commitment to diplomacy and international agreements in addressing Iran’s nuclear program. The Emergence of the P5+1 to the JCPOADevelopments of January 2006 marked a critical turning point in Iran’s nuclear dispute. The P5+1 developed gradually in response to the escalating dispute over Iran’s nuclear activities and the limitations of earlier E+3 negotiations. The Iran Nuclear Agreement, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), concluded in July 2015, represented a multilateral effort to address international concerns over Iran’s nuclear program.

Source: Washington Post February 10, 2026 17:03 UTC