Aspirin's mechanism of action was identified in 1971 as inhibiting irreversible cyclooxygenase and reducing prostaglandin production.1,2In 2007, approximately 20% of American adults took aspirin every other day for heart health. In individuals who were aged 65 years or older, nearly 50% were taking the drug, according to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.1Although a low-dose aspirin regimen became commonplace as a staple of cardiovascular health and medicine because of aspirin’s preventive properties, updated findings are challenging this long-standing practice. For many years, it was recommended that prescribers start individuals at increased risk of heart disease or stroke on low-dose daily aspirin.3 However, new data show there can be more risk than benefit for certain groups. Draft guidelines released by the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), which consists of a panel of experts in disease prevention and evidence-based medicine, assert that there is strong evidence to support the development of serious adverse effects from taking once- daily aspirin versus the potential benefits, especially in certain populations.4The possible harm in older individuals is believed to outweigh the potential benefits of what had been considered an inexpensive method in the battle against heart disease, according to the task force.4 The risk of life-threatening internal bleeding can increase from daily aspirin use with increasing age. Thus, if an individual does not present with the risk of heart attack or stroke, this regimen is now not recommended.5In addition, the USPSTF recommends that individuals 60 years or older who do not have a history of heart attack or stroke do not initiate aspirin therapy.6 The task force also plans to revise its 2016 recommendation on the use of baby aspirin as a preventive measure for colorectal cancer, given data that raise specific questions about its potential benefit for cancer.6As a result of the proposed changes to the guidance by the USPSTF, millions of Americans will be affected.

Source: CNN November 11, 2021 17:08 UTC