Intercontinental-range ballistic missiles (ICBMs), or missiles that fly over 5,500 kilometers (approximately 3,400 miles), have been a key component of the U.S. nuclear triad since the 1960s. While bureaucratic infighting played a role in the development of the nuclear triad (and other nuclear forces), it is useful to discuss political goals that nuclear forces help to achieve. Requirements generated by these goals have shaped the size and attributes of U.S. nuclear forces over time and will continue to do so. Their desire to change the international status quo means they prize tools of external attack, including their conventional and nuclear forces. 34 Colin S. Gray, “The Strategic Forces Triad: End of the Road?” Foreign Affairs 56, no.

Source: CNN December 29, 2025 15:55 UTC