Earlier, three lower courts have already ruled against the administration. The US District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, on 26 April 2025, rejected the argument that IEEPA conferred sweeping tariff authority and referred the matter to trade courts. The US Court of International Trade, in a 14 June 2025 ruling, held that IEEPA does not authorise the president to levy general tariffs and that the use of emergency powers in routine trade matters violated constitutional separation of powers.

Source: Mint February 21, 2026 14:40 UTC