Heard Island sits in the southern Indian Ocean, about halfway between Australia and South Africa. It is one of Australia’s most remote territories. The island has glaciers, an active volcano called Big Ben, and wildlife such as seals, penguins, and endemic birds. Along with the McDonald Islands, it became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Only scientific expeditions are usually allowed, and reaching it requires a two-week sea journey through rough waters.

Source: Economic Times January 04, 2026 05:43 UTC